主谓一致
Either you or I am wrong.主谓一致(Agreement of Subject and Verb)是指谓语动词必须同主语的人称和数保持一致，它一直是大学英语四级考试的考查重点。主谓一致原则看起来很简单，但实际运用情况却很复杂。本文对四级考试中经常考查的主谓一致关系的一些特殊规律，做一简要归纳。
主谓一致讲解及练习 主谓一致的概念和用法
主谓一致讲解及练习 主谓一致的概念和用法
一、形式上为复数，但意义上为单数的名词作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。这类名词有以-s结尾的表示学科、专业、疾病等术语的名词及其他名词。如：economics，linguistics，politics，mathematics，physics，measles(麻疹)，news，works，brains(智慧)等等。例如：
Physics is a difficult subject.
Brains is very important to a person.
二、表示时间、距离、重量、价格、度量衡的复数名词或短语作主语表示一个整体概念时，谓语一般用单数。例如：
Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job.
Ten miles is a long way to walk.
The family is going to move to Beijing.
The family he different opinions about their going abroad.
四、分数或百分数及all,part,some,most,half,the rest of等表示部分的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词一致。例如：
Most of the university students he part-time jobs to finance their tuition.
Most of the work hasn't been finished yet.
五、名词或代词后跟with,along with,like,accompanied by,except,besides,as well as,toger with,in addition to,including,no less than,rather than,as much as等引起的结构时，谓语动词随结构前的名词或代词的形式而定。例如：
The president,accompanied by five officials,has gone to USA for a very important meeting.
You，rather than your sister,are responsible for the matter.
六、由and连接的名词的主谓一致情况分以下几种：
1.当and连接的两个名词指同一人、同一事或同一概念时，and后面那个名词前没有冠词，谓语动词用单数。例如：
The teacher and writer is respected by all the people around.
2.当and连接两个都有冠词的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
The teacher and the writer are respected by all the people around.
3.形容词＋and＋形容词＋名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Social and political are limited there.
4.用and连接的单数名词，前面有each,ry, many a,no修饰语时，谓语要用单数。例如：
Every man，woman,and child is entitled to take part in the activity.
七、不定式短语、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例如：
Reading in the morning is good for learning English.
但是，当and连接上述两个相同的结构时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.
八、主语由连词or,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but(also)等连接的两个名词或代词组成时，其谓语动词应与最近的名词一致。例如：
Not only his friends,but also he himself is looking forward to the holding of the party.
九、"one or two＋名词复数","one or more＋名词复数"作主语，谓语动词用复数。"one/a＋单数名词or two"作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。例如：
One or two books are needed.
One book or two is /are needed.
练习：请选择括号中动词的正确形式填空。
1.Neither you nor your sister ________(has/he)been working hard.
2.Fif percen1）The pol are searching for him.t of the students ________(is/are)absent today.
3.One thousand dollars ________(is/are)a lot of money to such a little child.
4.Your brother,as A. are B. is C. will D. amwell as his friends，________(is/are)very kind to us.
5.What he said ________(is/are)reasonable.
6.The class ________(is /are)the best in the school.
7.News ________(is/are)indispensable to our life.
8.One man or two ________(is/are)mentioned in the story.
9.The singer and dancer ________(is/are)welcomed warmly by the local people.
10.No teacher and no student ________(is/are)listening to the lecture.
：1.has 2.Are 3.Is 4.is 5.Is 6.is 7.is 9.is 10.is
时间
距离
重量
价格
度量衡
单数、不可数名词
新概念英语第二册语法精粹：主谓一致（下）
误区二 被主语的表象迷惑知识要点：
【解析】 第①句谓语动词使用are，错误地认为the two buildings是该句的主语，但实际上是介词between的宾语，一起构成介词短语，而介词短语不能充当主语。该句是一个倒装句，真正主语是a big tree。因此第②句正确。在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。还未学习过主谓一致上篇的同学戳此去看哦>>
12、有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience(听众，观众), government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：
1）My family is going to he a long journey. 我家要进行一次长途旅行。
2）My family are fond of music. 我家人都喜欢音乐。
4）The class were jumping for joy. 全班同学都高兴得跳了起来。
13、all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定。如：
1）All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。
2）All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。
3）Most of the wood was used to make furniture(家具)。
14、the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：
1）The young are usually very active. 年轻人通常是很活跃的。
2）The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 现在伤病员们在这里受到了很好照顾。
15、or, either…or…, neither…nor…, wher…or, not only…but (also)连接的是主语，谓语动词与后一个主语一致。如：
1）Either you or I am going to the movies.
2）Not only you but also he is wrong.
16、不可数名词没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Water is a kind of matter.
2）The news at six o’clock is true.
18、population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数。如：
1）The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
2）One third of the population here are workers.
1）The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.
2）A number of students he gone for an outing.
20、means, politics, physics, plastics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【专项训练】
1、Nothing but cars ______ in the shop.
A．is sold B．are sold C．were sold D．are going to sell
2、No one except Jack and Tom ______ the answer.
A．know B．knows C．is knowing D．are known
3、Snty percent of the students in our school ______ from the countryside.
A．is B．are C．comes D．②The fruit like apples , oranges is good for our health. （√）are coming
4、______ of the money ______ used up.
A．Three-five, are B．Three-fifths, he been
C．Three-fifths, has been D．Third-fifths, is
5、The number of the people who ______ cars ______ increasing.
A．owns, are B．owns, is C．own, is D．own, are
A．was B．were C．would be D．are
7、The sheets for your bed ______ washing.
A．needs B．are needing C．want D．are wanting
8、On each side of the street ______ a lot of trees.
A．stands B．grow C．is standing D．are grown
9、Some person ______ calling for you at the gate.
A．are B．is C．is being D．will be
10、All that can be eaten ______ eaten up.
A．are being B．has been C．had been D．he been
KEYS
1、A 因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。见讲解4。
3、B 见讲解2。
4、C 见讲解16。
5、C 定语从句看被修饰的先行词：the number of作主语用单数形式。见讲解9，19。
6、A 见讲解1。
7、C 见讲解2。
8、B 倒装句，要看后面的主语。见讲解3。
9、B some person指“某人”是第三人称单数。见讲解13。
10、B 主语"all"指的是"food"，所以代不可数名词，是第三人称单数。见讲解13。
有几个英语语法问题，关于名词和主谓一致的，请牛人解答~~要分析过程，详细的~~
2、B 见讲解4。1. C； there be句型里面不能有he， no life 是第三人称单数，所以用is
2. A； each 做同位语，但是the boy and the girl是复数主语，所以要用their own toys
3. B； This is 后面要接单数，所以选B，其他都不匹配
4. B； 被动语态，谓语动词与后面的主语一致，自然资源是复数，A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left所以用are 。
5. A；the 表示特指那支笔
6. A； dollar是不可数名词
7. B； no bird，no beast都是第三人称单数，2个加起来的谓语动词要用单数形式。
他们都有误
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.B
误区三 误用语言规则6.C
7.B
完全支持“第47个浪人”的
1 a 2 c 3 b 4 d 5 b 6 c 7 a
求主谓一致的练习题，尤其是定语从句的主谓一致和强调句的主谓一致，急急急！！！
(文/江西汪新艳;英语辅导报大学一年级版03~04学年第20期;版权归英语辅导报社所有，网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)主谓一致专项练习
（后设，大家不要偷看哦~(^__^) 嘻嘻……）1. Half of the workers here ______ under twenty _______.
A. is; years B. are; year old C. is; years old D. are; years of age
2. The number of pages in this dictionary _______about two thousand.
3. Thirty dollars _______ too much.
A. are B. is C. were D. be
4. The secretary and principal () _______ at the meeting now.
A. are speaking B. is speaking C. were a speech D. he a speech
5. Nothing but six chairs _______ in the room.
6. Between the two roads _______ a TV tower called “Sky scraped Tower”.
A. stands B. standing C. which D. stand
7. Either of you _______ going there tonight.
A. will B. was C. is D. are
8. You as well _______ right.
A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are
9. All but Dick _______ in Class Three this term.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
10. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _______very important for me to make further research in this field.
A. that is B. they are C. this D. which are
11. Every student and ry teacher _______.
A. are going to attend the meeting B. he attended the meeting
C. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting
12. Three fourths of the bread _______ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _______ left on the table.
A. was eaten; were B. were eaten; was C. were eaten; were D. was eaten; was
13. This pair of shoes _______.
A. is her B. is hers C. are hers D. are her
14. He tried many a _______, but I think _______ not enough.
A. time, it is B. times, they are C. times, that is D. time, which is
15. Not only you but also he _______ to go there at once.
A. are B. are C. is D. will be
16. This is Professor White’s ______ car. I often go to Frank’s and Jerry’s in it.
17. After ______ absence, he found his wife much changed.
A. a year’s or two’s B. a year of two C. a year or two’s D. one of two year’s
18. Last night, I called at ______.
19. ______ is too much for the boy to carry.
A. The box weight B. The box of weight C. The 3）The class has won the honour. 这班获得了荣誉。weight of the box D. Box’s weight
20. On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
21. “News of victories ________ pouring in as our army aances,” the company commander said.
A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. he kept
22. Although many of the houses in the all town ______ still in need of repair, there _____ lots of improvement in their appearance.
A. are, has been B. is, he been C. is, are D. are, was
23. Zhang’s family _____ rather big and his family ______ fond of popular music.
A. is, are B. is, is C. are, is D. are, are
24. ______ is ______. The wrong answer is ______.
A. Two minutes, a long vacation for the students B. One and a half dollars(yards), not enough
C. The New York Times, published daily D. 800 miles, long distance
25. The pol (family, team)_______ out in search of the missing boy.
A. goes B. has gone C. is D. are
26. _______ and _____ are going abroad next Thursday. Which is wrong?
A. The father, son B. The singer, dancer C. A singer, a dancer D. He, I
27. A ______ and ______ has been bought for you. Which is wrong?
A. gold watch, chain B. knife, fork C. desk, chair D. pen, pencil
28. ______ teacher and _____ student has been invited. Which is wrong?
A. Many a, (many a) B. Every, ry C. No, no D. Each a, (each)
29. _____ is all that I can spare. Which is wrong?
A. More than one hour B. Many a cattle C. A pair of gloves D. One and a half days
30. ______ the students like the paintings. Which is right?
A. The teacher as well as B. Nobody but C. The teacher besides D. All except
31. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _____ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
32. No one in the department but Tom and I ____ that the director is going to resign.
A. knows B. know C. he known D. am to know
33. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ____yet.
A. are not decided B. he not been decided
C. is not been decided D. has not been decided
34. He is the only one of the students who _____ winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. he been D. has been
35. As a result of destroying the forest, a large ___ of desert ____ covered the land.
A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number, he D. quantity; he
A. Two fifth, is B. Two, fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
37. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of hing one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
38. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. had offered C. are offered D. he offered
A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold
40. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.
A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were
Keys:1-5 DDBBC 6-10 ACDAB 11-15 CDBAC 16-20 BCDCB
21-25 BAADD 26-30 BDDBD 31-35 AADDB 36-40 CBAAC
主谓一致
5.No sound an no vo__for a long while. A.are heard B.is heard C.he heard D.has heard 为什么选B，而不是D？for a long while不能用于完成时吗？动词没有单复数，动词是谓语，它对应的主语19、the number of + 名词复数，是表示“……的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large/great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式。才有单复数，决定了动词是否用三单。
17、名词如：people, pol, cattle等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：所谓的主谓一致，就是说在语法上，谓语的形式要和它所对应的主语一致，也就是考虑要不要用三单的形式。
掌握主谓一致，就是主要了解几种特殊情况要不要用三单形式。
英语语法里主谓一致的问题
A. is B. are C. being D. was【意义一致原则（Notional Concord）】
I. 名词做主语时：（参见“名词”部分）
The pol he caught the murderer .警方已捕获凶手。
2. 有些指“整体”时作单数，指其中的“成员”时作复数（不变词形）。如 "army , audience(听众),class ,club （俱乐部) ,company(公司), committee(委员会) ,crew ,crowd ,staff(员工) ,family ,public ,government ,group ,party ,union ,couple ,population ,team ."等。e.g.
①Our family is a happy one . 我们有个幸福的家庭。
②The family are early risers. 这家人都起得早。
③The public are (is) requested not to litter. 请公众不要乱扔废弃物。
但上述名词也可有复数形式。如：families , two classes .等。有些变复数形式后意义不同。如：peoples多个民族。 youths男青年。 folks亲友。
II. 代词做主语时：（参见“代词”部分）
1. 不定代词"each ,one , much, (a)little ,either ,neither ,another ,the other(+单名)"等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。e.g.
①Each of the girls (Each girl) has a new hat . 每个女孩都有顶新帽子。
②Neither plan suits me .③Neither of the plans suits / suit me . 两个都不适合我。
2. 下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：“someone ,somebody ,soming ,anybody ,anyone ,anything ,rybody ,ryone ,rything ,nobody ,no one ,nothing ”等。e.g.
①Is rybody here ? 都到齐了吗？
②There was nothing special then. 那时没什么特别情况。
3. 下列不定代词作复数用：“（a）few ,many ,sral， both”等。e.g.
①Few (of the guests ) were familiar to us . 没几个（客人）是我们熟识的。
②Both / Both (of ) these are interesting . 两部影片都有趣。
4下列代词须视其“具体所指”来决定单、复数：
1）“what ,which ,who ,whose ”等。e.g.
①Who is your brother ?你兄弟是谁？
②Who are League Members .哪些是团员？
2）"all , some ,more ,most ,any ,none ,a lot(of ), lots (of ),"等。e.g.
①All (of the students ) are working hard .（所有的学生）都在用功。
3）"half(of), plenty (of), the rest(of), (a)part(of), the remainder(of )余下的）"，等。e.g.
①Half of the apples are bad .苹果中有一半是坏的。
②Half of the apple is bad .这只苹果坏了一半。
Ⅲ.“数词”、“数量、单位”等词语做主语时：（参见“数词”部分。）
1. 表示“运算”的数词通常作单数 。e.g.
Ten times four makes(make) forty .+ 乘以四得四十。
2.表“时间、距离、金额、度量衡”等的词语，作“整体”看时作单数用，侧重指“若干单位”时作复数用。e.g.
①Twenty years is not a long time . 二十年光阴，弹指一挥间。
②Twenty years he passed since he left. 他离开已二十个年头了。
3.“分数、百分数”通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。e.g.
①About 40 percent / two-fifths of the books here are (is) worth reading . 这些书中百分之四十/五分之二值得读。
②Only sixty percent / three-fifths of the work was done yesterday .昨天只干完了百分之六十/五分之三的工作。
4. "a number of (许多)/ a variety of (各式各样) "+复数名词，常作复数用。e.g.
①A number of students in this class are (is) from Sichuan . 这个班有不少同学来自四川。
②There are a variety of toys in this shop.这家商店有各种各样的玩具。
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。e.g.
①The number of students in this college has doubled . 这所大学的学生人数翻了一番。
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich . 这家商店货物品种丰富。
Ⅳ.单、复数同形或易混的词做主语时：（参见“名词”部分）
1.以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。e.g.
Mathematics seems easy to me .我似乎觉得数学不难。
但是，表“具体的学业、活动”等时，多用作复数。e.g.
①Her mathematics are weak . 她数学。（指“学业成绩、能力”）
②What are your politics? 你的观点如何？
2. “works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。e.g.
①This works was(These works were)built two years ago . 这（几）家工厂是两年前修建的。
②Every means has (All means he) been tried. 各种办法都试限制与非限制定语从句讲解过了。
这类名词通常还有“fish ,deer ,sheep ,headquarters (总部驻地),bellows(风箱), plastics, gallows (绞架), manners(礼貌) ,whereabouts (行踪), ”等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）
Ⅴ. "the + 形容词/分词"做主语时：
1. 指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。e.g.
①The English speak English. 英国人讲英语。
②The rejected were heaped in the corner. 废品堆在角落里。
2.指“某一个”人，或“抽象的”事物时，作单数用。e.g.
①The deceased was his father . 的是他父亲。
②The agreeable is not always the useful. 好看的不一定中用。
③The new and progressive always wins over the old. 新生、进步的事物总是要战胜旧的东西。
Ⅵ.专用名词做主语时：
1.“书名、剧名、报刊名、名”等通常作单数用。e.g.
①The United States was founded in 1776. 美国成立于1776年。
②The Arabian Nights is very interesting. 《天方夜谭》很有趣。
2.“书刊名”有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集子的书。e.g.
Dickens' American Notes were (was ) published in 1842 .
狄更斯所著的《美国笔记》出版于1842年。
Ⅶ“what等的从句”做主语时：
1. 大多作单数用。e.g.
②What he says doesn't agree with what he does. 他言行不一致。
2.若从句是含复数意义的并列结构、或“表语”是复数时，谓语动词用单数或复数两可。e.g.
①What you say and think is /are no business of mine . 你怎么说以及怎么想，不关我的事。
②What he bought was /were some books. 他所买的是几本书。
【语法一致原则】
I .主语的“人称”决定谓语动词的形式。e.g.
①I love / She loves music . 我/ 她爱好音乐。
②Are your mother a worker? (误)是工人吗？
Is your mother a worker? (正)（主语your mother 是单数第三人称）
II .主语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。
1.“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）”或“从句”等做主语，用单数谓语形式。e.g.
①The work is important . 这项工作重要。
②To serve the country is our duty. 为祖国服务是我们的义务。
③How and why he left was a sad story. 他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。
2. 复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。e.g.
①The children are taken good care of . 孩子们得到很好的照料。
②They he gone to Chengdu . 他们去成都了。
III. 以“and”或“both… and”连接的并列主语：
①Plastics and rubber nr rot . 塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。
②What he says and what he does do not agree. 他言行不一致。
③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine. 我和汤姆都喜欢医学。
26、One of Marx’s works ______ written in English in the 1860s.. 如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。e.g.
①The worker and writer has come . 这位工人作家来了。
②A cart and horse was seen in the distance. 远处能看见有一套马车。
③Truth and honesty is the best policy. 真诚是的策略。
3. “and”前、后的单数词语都有“each, ry ,many ,a ,no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。e.g.
①Every boy and ry girl enjoys equal rights here.这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。
②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity .没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。
Ⅳ. 主语前、后加表“数、量”等的修饰语时：
1. a）“many a + 单名 ”接单数谓语：“a good (great ) many + 复名”接复数谓语。e.g.
①Many a fine man has died for it . 许多战士为此献出了生命。
②A great many parents were present at the meeting. 许多家长出席了会议。
b）"a / an + 单名+ or two " 大多接单数谓语： "one or two + 复名"接复数谓语。e.g.
①Only a word or two is (are )needed. 只需说一两句。
②One or two reasons were suggested. 提出一两条理由。
c）"a / an + 单名+ and a half"常接单数谓语；“one and a half +复名”多接复数谓语。e.g.
①A year and a half has passed . 一年半已过去了。
②One and a half tons of r are sold. 已卖了一吨半大米。
d） "more than one + 单名"大多接单数谓语。e.g.
①More than one person was (were )absent . 不止一个人缺席。
"more + 复名+ than one "接复数谓语。e.g.
②More students than one he been there . 不止一个学生去过那儿。
"More than two (three…) +复名 " 接复数谓语。e.g.
③More than one dred students he attended the concert . 不止一百名学生听了这场音乐会。
2 ，主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (sort / type / form /pair /cup /glass /piece / load / block / box / handful / quantity / ton / metre /… )of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。e.g.
a）①There is only a all quantity of (books ) left . 只剩下少量的纸（书）了。
②Large quantities of water are needed. 需要大量的水。
b）①This kind of apple is sweet . 这种苹果甜。
②This kind of apples is (are) sweet. （大多依 kind ，作单数用 ）
③These kind(s) of apple(s) are sweet . （总作复数用）
但:Apples of this kind are sweet. （总作复数用）
3. 主语后接“with…”等构成的短语修饰成分时：谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用“with ,along with ,toger with ,as well as , but , besides , except ,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than ”等。e.g.
①A woman with two children has come . 一位妇女带着两个孩子来了。
②I as well as they am ready to you. 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你。
4. "one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句"：
1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词”，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。e.g.
①This is one of the best novels that he appeared this year . 这是今年出版的之一。（关系词“that”代“novels”）
②He was one of the boys who were praised . 他是受表扬的男孩之一。
2）若“one”前加“this, the ,the only ”等时，定语从句的关系词指代one，作从句主语时，接单数谓语。e.g.
He was the only one of the boys who was praised .他是男孩中受到表扬的。(关系词who 代 the only one )
逻辑一致
Tom as well as Mary and Lucy is coming.
语法一致
Everyone likes it very much
就近原则
Neither he nor I am a student.
浅谈定语从句与名词性从句的主谓一致
6.s浅谈定语从句与名词性从句的主谓一致 主谓一致就是指在英语句子中，主语和谓语在人称和数的方面应保持一致。很多学生对于英语的主谓一致了解不深，对定语从句和
②All (of the paint ) is fine .（这些油漆）都很好。名词性从句的主谓一致了解得更少，因此很容易犯错误。下面就对这一问题进行探讨。
一、定语从句的主谓一致
一般来讲，定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。例如：
1．I am not one who is afraid of difficulty．我是个不怕困难的人。
2．Don't choose me，who am not qualified for this job．不要选我，我不适合做这项工作。
3．Anyone who has questions to ask， please come to my off this afternoon．有问题要问的人，今天下午到我办公室来。
另外，关于定语从句的先行词，one of后常接复数名词，在非正式的英语口语中，有时甚至在一些很正规的文体中，动词的数不是
与先行词保持一致，而是与 one相一致，这是因为说话者或写作者首先想到的是one，而不是one后面真正的先行词。例如：
4．That is one of the most valuable dictionaries that has appeared in recent years．那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一。
5．Buenos Aires is one of the world capitals thatis noted for its busy harbor．布宜诺斯艾利斯是一个以其海港的热闹而闻名的首都。
第5句中的is不能改成are。这点很好理解，因为用are就意味着世界上所有的首都都以海港热闹而出名，这是不符合实际的。
当one前面有the only等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词也要与 one保持一致而取单数形式。例如：
6．He is the only one of those workers who is able to do this job．他是那些工人中能做此工作的人。
二、名词性从句的主谓一致
主语是名词性从句（常用what，whatr，when，where，why ，how，that，wher等放在句首）时，动词通常用单数形式。例如：
1．What I am most interested in is American movies．我最感兴趣的是美国电影。
2．Whatr he says is of no importance．无论他说什么都不重要。
3．Whor says that is wrong．无论谁说这话都不对。
4．That he will come is certain．他肯定会来。
5．Why he is late for class is more than I can l．为什么他上课迟到，我也说不上来。
但在下面的句子中谓语动词要用复数形式，因为主语从句中的动词是复数，所以主语从句应当作复数看待。例如：
6．Who are going to attend the meeting he been decided by the mar．哪些人去参加会议，已由做出了决定。
7．Whor say that are to be punished．谁这样讲，就惩罚谁。
由此可见，名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定。学习时只有灵活处理，才能真正把主谓一致这个语法项目融会贯通。
一、在句中作用不同
限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。
二、外在表现形式不同
限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
例 1. Do yoemember the girl who taught us English？
你还记得教我们英语的.那个女孩吗？
例 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can l people time.
钟是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。
例 3. This is the place where he used to live.
这就是他过去居住的地方。
例 4. Mr. Zhang， who came to see me yesterday， is an old friend of mine.
张先生昨天来看我，他是我的一位朋友。
例 5. We walked down the village street， where they were hing market day.
我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。
析：在前三个例句中，定语从句与先行词关系密切，为限制性定语从句，不可用逗号将其与主句隔开。在后两个例句中，定语从句与先行词关系不密切，为非限制性定语从句，可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
三、先行词内容有所不同
大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 。
例 1. A middle-aged woman killed her huand， which frightened me very much.
一个中年女子了自己的丈夫，这令我十分恐惧。
析：由语境可知，令“我”恐惧的内容应为“中年女子了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由 which 定语从句。
例 2. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages， which surprises all the people present.
一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。
析：由语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由 which 非限制性定语从句。
四、关系词的使用情况有所不同
（一） that 不可用于非限制性定语从句
所有关系代词和关系副词均可限制性定语从句，大多数关系代词和关系副词可非限制性定语从句，但 that 不可。
例 1. 他送给一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。
误： He ge his mother a color TV set for her birthday， that pleased her a lot.
正： He ge his mother a color TV set for her birthday， which pleased her a lot.
例 2. 他没通过这次考试，令我很失望。
误： He didn't pass the exam， that disappointed me.
正： He didn't pass the exam， which disappointed me.
值得注意的是，不少同学误认为只有 which 才能非限制性定语从句，这个观点是不正确的。使用非限制性定语从句时，如果先行词指人，则用 who ， which 或 whose 非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 which 非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时，可用 when ， where 非限制性定语从句。
例 1. We'll graduate in July， when we will be free.
我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。
例 2. Last Sunday they reached Nanjing， where a conference was to be held.
他们上周日到达南京，有个会议要在那里举行。
（二）关系代词替代情况不同
关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom ，但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替。
例 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street.
这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。
析：先行词 the girl 在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用 who 代替 whom .
例 2. A young man had a new girl friend， whom he wanted to impress.
一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。
析：先行词 a new girl friend 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用 who 代【解析】 the twenti lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念，译为“第20课即一课”，因此谓语动词应该用单数。同学们容易错误理解“第20课和一课”，如果表示两课，应该表达为“the twenti lesson and the last lesson”。替 whom .
在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可用 that 代替 who/ whom ，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用 that 代替 who/whom .
例：她有一个姐姐，她是教师。
误： She has a sister， that is a teacher.
正： She has a sister， who is teacher.
（三）关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去，非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省。
例 1. This is the book （which/that） he lost yesterday.
这就是他昨天丢的那本书。
析：先行词 the book 在限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词 which 或 that 可以省略。
例 2. The book， which he lost yesterday， has been found.
他昨天丢了这本书，但现在已找到了。
析：先行词 the book 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词 which 不可省。
［实战演练］
1. She heard a terrible noise， _________ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
2. He yo been to Xi'an， _________ I left ten years ago.
A. which B. whose C. that D. /
3. The weather turned out to be very good， _________ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
4. His English， ________ used to be very poor is now excellent.
A. which B. that C. it D . whom
5. Some of the roads were flooded， __________ makes o
ur journey more difficult.
A. that B. it C. which D. who
6. I'll find a n girl， _________ I want to marry.
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
7. I'll come at ten， ________ I'll be free.
A. which B. that C. when D. what
8. She has two brothers， _________ are teachers.
A. who B. that C. whom D. /
9. Which answer is NOT true？
This is the factory ________ I visited yesterday.
A. that B. which C. / D. where
10. I still remember the days _________ I spent in Beijing.
A. when B. what C. that D. during
：
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C
6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C
有谁能为我讲解一下这几道主谓一致的英语选择题
三、名词people,pol,cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；名词army,class,club,committee, crowd,crew,family,gang,herd,jury,public,congress,assembly,band等作主语时，如指整体，谓语动词用单数；如指成员，谓语动词用复数。例如：主谓一致，意思就是主语和谓语要用一样的时态和人称
①The twenti lesson and last lesson are very easy for students. （×）1. Every means ________.
A. tried B. he been tried C. were tried D. has been tried
ry一般加单数名词，means是“方法”的意思，是单数，而不是“mean”的复数形式。意思是“一切方法都被用过了”。
首先排除b、c，因为he/were都是用于复数的；其次，means不可以作为“try（尝试）”的主语，只能说“试试某种方法”不能说“某种方法试”，因此a被排除，剩下d
2. Most of his sings _______ in the Xinhua Bank.
A. has been kept B. is being kept C. he kept D. he been kept
同题的思路，不同的是，“sings”是复数。
3. One or perhaps more pages _________.
A. is missing B. has been missed C. are missing D. was missing
这道题首先确定是用单数还是复数，根据就近原则（one还是more pages 靠后面近就根据哪个来确定谓语），谓语应该是A. son-in-law B. son-in-law’s C. son’s-in-law D. friend Browns’用复数。
后面懒得说了，自己悟吧
主谓一致错题求讲解，感激不尽。
1.通常作复数用 。e.g.哪1. The news _____ very worth listening to.一题？全部错题
a knife and fork意为一副刀叉表单数
there is one or two 就近原则
what we need most r你把主谓一致的语法再系统的学学，然后再做题就感觉容易了。加油！！！ight now are books将语序还原即可books are what we need most right now